Which type of reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus?

Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus following a behavior, which increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future. This process works by providing a reward or pleasant outcome as a consequence of a specific action. For example, if a child completes their homework and receives praise or a small treat, the praise or treat serves as a positive reinforcer. As a result, the child is more likely to complete their homework in the future.

In the context of reinforcement, it’s essential to recognize that the goal is to strengthen a behavior by making the experience more rewarding. Positive reinforcement contrasts with other forms of reinforcement and punishment. Negative reinforcement, for instance, involves the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase behavior, while punishment introduces an undesirable outcome with the intention of decreasing a behavior. Response cost refers to taking away a desirable stimulus as a penalty for certain behaviors. These distinctions clarify why positive reinforcement is defined as the addition of a desirable stimulus to encourage behavior.