Which of the following is NOT a key to effective use of reinforcement?

In the context of effective reinforcement, the use of aversive stimuli is generally not considered a key factor. Instead, successful reinforcement relies on positive strategies that enhance learning and behavior change through encouraging desirable actions rather than punishing undesired ones.

Deprivation can play a role in increasing the effectiveness of reinforcement by creating a desire for a particular stimulus that serves as a reward. Contingency refers to the clear connection between the desired behavior and the reinforcement, which is critical for establishing and maintaining learned behaviors. Consistency ensures that reinforcements are applied uniformly, making it easier for individuals to understand the relationship between their actions and the outcomes.

In summary, while deprivation, contingency, and consistency are integral to enhancing the effectiveness of reinforcement, the use of aversion detracts from the overall goal of fostering positive behavioral change.